Child Abuse: Frank and Ileana Fuster :: essays research papers fc

The term kid misuse was once as once in a while heard as that of pink elephants. Anyway uncommon the term has once been, it is presently a term utilized reliably all through the news and different distributions today. Alongside the advancing decrease in the public eye's ethics, has come the fast increment of wrongdoing. One such wrongdoing is youngster misuse. In spite of the fact that kid misuse is normal, the demonstration is debasing. Because of the maltreatment, kids who succumb to this regularly require mental treatment and directing. Regularly, the youngster is never equivalent to the individual used to be previously. The word reference characterizes kid maltreatment as: "the physical, or passionate, or sexual abuse of children" (Dictionary.com). Regular a huge number of youngsters are the survivors of this maltreatment. The abusers extend from guardians, companions, complete outsiders, to even day-care laborers. One case including the maltreatment of youngsters in their consideration is that of Frank and Ileana Fuster. The two were blamed in 1984 for attacking youngsters in their home. Forthright was a 36-year-old Cuban settler and was hitched to 17-year-old Ileana who was Honduran. Honest and Ileana Fuster were occupants of Country Walk, Florida where they held a locally situated keeping an eye on (Pendergrast). The case was then known as "Country Walk" due to the city wherein the two, Frank and Ileana dwelled. "The case started when a 3-year-old kid asked his mom to "kiss my body" when she was giving him a shower. He stated, "Ileana kisses all the children's bodies." The mother became concerned and revealed the remarks to the Dade County youngster insurance specialists ("A Summary of the Frank Fuster..." NP). Fuster appeared to be experiencing the American dream before the allegations were introduced against him. Plain and Ileana were recently marries, claimed another home in suburbia and an arranging business that was progressing admirably. Be that as it may, Frank was not experiencing the American dream. He was still waiting on the post trial process for a 1982 kid attack conviction for petting a nine-year-old young lady and manglaughter, for shooting a man after an auto collision ("Debunking Frontline's Did Daddy Do It?" NP). Honest had been "arrested on September 21, 1982 for indecent and vulgar attack on a minor - a nine-year-old young lady whose bosoms and private parts Fuster petted while driving her home. The jury got notification from the young lady, who was interrogated finally. They discovered her sound and sentenced Fuster" ("Fuster's Manslaughter Conviction" NP). Youngster Abuse: Frank and Ileana Fuster :: papers research papers fc The term youngster misuse was once as seldom heard as that of pink elephants. Anyway uncommon the term has once been, it is currently a term utilized reliably all through the news and different distributions today. Alongside the advancing decrease in the public eye's ethics, has come the fast increment of wrongdoing. One such wrongdoing is kid misuse. In spite of the fact that kid misuse is normal, the demonstration is polluting. Because of the maltreatment, youngsters who succumb to this regularly require mental treatment and advising. Frequently, the youngster is never equivalent to the person used to be previously. The word reference characterizes kid maltreatment as: "the physical, or passionate, or sexual abuse of children" (Dictionary.com). Regular a large number of kids are the survivors of this maltreatment. The abusers go from guardians, companions, all out outsiders, to even day-care laborers. One case including the maltreatment of kids in their consideration is that of Frank and Ileana Fuster. The two were blamed in 1984 for attacking kids in their home. Forthcoming was a 36-year-old Cuban settler and was hitched to 17-year-old Ileana who was Honduran. Straight to the point and Ileana Fuster were inhabitants of Country Walk, Florida where they held a locally situated keeping an eye on (Pendergrast). The case was then known as "Country Walk" due to the city wherein the two, Frank and Ileana dwelled. "The case started when a 3-year-old kid asked his mom to "kiss my body" when she was giving him a shower. He stated, "Ileana kisses all the infants' bodies." The mother became concerned and revealed the remarks to the Dade County youngster security specialists ("A Summary of the Frank Fuster..." NP). Fuster appeared to be experiencing the American dream before the allegations were introduced against him. Straight to the point and Ileana were recently marries, claimed another home in suburbia and an arranging business that was progressing nicely. In any case, Frank was not experiencing the American dream. He was still waiting on the post trial process for a 1982 kid attack conviction for stroking a nine-year-old young lady and manglaughter, for shooting a man after a car crash ("Debunking Frontline's Did Daddy Do It?" NP). Forthcoming had been "arrested on September 21, 1982 for licentious and prurient attack on a minor - a nine-year-old young lady whose bosoms and privates Fuster petted while driving her home. The jury got notification from the young lady, who was questioned finally. They discovered her valid and sentenced Fuster" ("Fuster's Manslaughter Conviction" NP).

The Vampire Diaries The Awakening Chapter Five Free Essays

string(31) was no solid yet the feeding. The full moon was straightforwardly overhead when Stefan returned to the lodging. He was thrilled, nearly reeling, both from exhaustion and from the excess of blood he’d taken. It had been quite a while since he’d let himself feed so intensely. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Five or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now In any case, the explosion of wild Power by the burial ground had gotten him up in its free for all, breaking his previously debilitated control. He still wasn’t sure where the Power had originated from. He had been viewing the human young ladies from his place in the shadows when it had detonated from behind him, sending the young ladies escaping. He had been gotten between the dread that they would run into the waterway and the longing to test this Power and discover its source. At long last, he had followedher , unfit to risk her getting injured. Something dark had winged toward the forested areas as the people arrived at the haven of the scaffold, yet even Stefan’s night faculties couldn't make out what it was. He had viewed while she and the other two began toward town. At that point he had turned around to the burial ground. It was unfilled currently, cleansed of whatever had been there. On the ground lay a slender piece of silk that to normal eyes would have been dim in obscurity. In any case, he saw its genuine nature, and as he squashed it between his fingers, bringing it gradually up to touch his lips, he could smell the fragrance of her hair. Memory immersed him. It was terrible enough when she was far out, when the cool sparkle of her psyche just prodded at the edges of his cognizance. Be that as it may, to be in a similar live with her at the school, to feel her essence behind him, to smell the powerful scent of her skin surrounding him, was practically beyond what he could bear. He had heard each delicate breath she took, felt her glow emanating against his back, detected each pulsate of her sweet heartbeat. What's more, in the long run, regrettably, he had wound up surrendering to it. His tongue had swept to and fro over his canine teeth, appreciating the joy torment that was working there, empowering it. He’d inhaled her smell into his noses purposely, and let the dreams come to him, envisioning everything. How delicate her neck would be, and how his lips would meet it with equivalent non-abrasiveness from the start, planting minuscule kisses here, and here, until he arrived at the yielding empty of her throat. How he would nestle there, in where her heart beat so emphatically against the sensitive skin. Furthermore, how finally his lips would part, would step once again from throbbing teeth now sharp as meager knifes, and- No . He’d carried himself out of the stupor with a yank, his own heartbeat thumping shoddily, his body shaking. The class had been excused, development was surrounding him, and he could just expectation nobody had been watching him too intently. At the point when she had addressed him, he had been not able to accept that he needed to confront her while his veins consumed and his entire upper jaw throbbed. He’d been apprehensive for a second that his control would break, that he would hold onto her shoulders and take her before every one of them. He had no clue how he’d escaped, just that some time later he was diverting his vitality into hard exercise, faintly mindful that he should not utilize the Powers. It didn’t matter; even without them he was inside and out better than the human young men who contended with him on the football field. His sight was more keen, his reflexes quicker, his muscles more grounded. By and by a hand had applauded him on the back and Matt’s voice had rung in his ears: â€Å"Congratulations! Welcome to the team!† Investigating that genuine, grinning face, Stefan had been overwhelmed with disgrace. In the event that you recognized what I was, you wouldn’t grin at me, he’d thought dismally. I’ve won this opposition of yours by double dealing. What's more, the young lady you love-you do cherish her, don’t you?- is in my musings at the present time. Also, she had stayed in his considerations in spite of every one of his endeavors to exile her that evening. He had meandered to the memorial park aimlessly, pulled from the forested areas by a power he didn't comprehend. Once there he had watched her, battling himself, battling the need, until the flood of Power had sent her and her companions running. And afterward he’d return home however simply in the wake of taking care of. In the wake of losing control of himself. He couldn’t recall precisely how it had occurred, how he’d let it occur. That flare of Power had begun it, arousing things inside him best left dozing. The chasing need. The hankering for the pursuit, for the smell of dread and the savage triumph of the slaughter. It had been years-hundreds of years since he’d felt the need with such power. His veins had started consuming like fire. And every one of his musings had turned red: he could consider nothing else except for the hot coppery taste, the basic dynamic quality, of blood. With that fervor despite everything seething through him, he’d made a stride or two after the young ladies. What may have occurred on the off chance that he hadn’t scented the elderly person was better not thought about. In any case, as he arrived at the finish of the scaffold, his noses had flared at the sharp, unmistakable scent of human tissue. Humanblood . A definitive solution, the taboo wine. More inebriating than any alcohol, the steaming pith of life itself. Furthermore, he was so worn out on battling the need. There had been a development on the bank under the scaffold, as a heap of old clothes blended. Also, the following moment, Stefan had landed nimbly, catlike, close to it. His hand shot out and pulled the clothes away, uncovering a shriveled, flickering face on a gaunt neck. His lips moved back. And afterward there was no solid yet the taking care of. You read The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Five in class Paper models Presently, as he staggered up the fundamental flight of stairs of the lodging, he made an effort not to consider it, and not to consider her-about the young lady who enticed him with her glow, her life. She had been the one he really wanted, yet he should end that, he should murder any such musings before they were begun starting now and into the foreseeable future. For the wellbeing of he, and for her own. He was her most noticeably awful bad dream work out, and she didn’t even know it. â€Å"Who’s there? Is that you, boy?† a broke voice called forcefully. One of the second-story entryways opened, and a dim head jabbed out. â€Å"Yes,signora - Mrs. Blossoms. I’m sorry on the off chance that I upset you.† â€Å"Ah, it takes in excess of a creaky wood plank to upset me. You bolted the entryway behind you?† â€Å"Yes,signora . You’re†¦ safe.† â€Å"That’s right. We should be protected here. No one can really tell what may be out there in those woods, do you?† He took a gander at the grinning little face encompassed by wisps of silver hair, the splendid shooting eyes. Was there a mystery covered up in them? â€Å"Good night,signora .† â€Å"Good night, boy.† She shut the entryway. In his own room he fell onto the bed and lay gazing up at the low, inclining roof. Generally he rested precariously around evening time; it was not his common dozing time. Yet, today around evening time he was worn out. It took such a great amount of vitality to confront the daylight, and the substantial feast just added to his torpidity. Before long, despite the fact that his eyes didn't close, he no longer observed the whitewashed roof above him. Arbitrary pieces of memory coasted through his psyche. Katherine, so beautiful that night by the wellspring, moonlight silvering her pale brilliant hair. How pleased he had been to sit with her, to be the one to share her secret†¦ â€Å"But can you never go out in sunlight?† â€Å"Ican , truly, as long as I wear this.† She held up a little white hand, and the evening glow shone on the lapis ring there. â€Å"But the sun tires me to such an extent. I have never been very strong.† Stefan took a gander at her, at the delicacy of her highlights and the insignificance of her body. She was nearly as meager as spun glass. No, she could never have been solid. â€Å"I was frequently sick as a child,† she said delicately, her eyes on the play of water in the wellspring. â€Å"The last time, the specialist at long last said I would pass on. I recollect Papa crying, and I lay in my enormous bed, too feeble to even consider moving. In any event, breathing was an excessive amount of exertion. I was so dismal to leave the world thus cool, so very cold.† She shuddered, and afterward grinned. â€Å"But what happened?† â€Å"I woke in the night to see Gudren, my house cleaner, remaining over my bed. And afterward she moved to one side, and I saw the man she had brought. I was scared. His name was Klaus, and I’d heard the individuals in the town state he was insidious. I shouted out to Gudren to spare me, however she just remained there, viewing. At the point when he put his mouth to my neck, I thought he was going to murder me.† She delayed. Stefan was gazing at her with sickening apprehension and pity, and she grinned soothingly at him. â€Å"It was not all that horrendous all things considered. There was a little agony from the outset, however that immediately left. And afterward the inclination was really lovely. At the point when he gave me of his own blood to drink, I felt more grounded than I had for quite a long time. And afterward we held up out the hours together until first light. At the point when the specialist came, he couldn’t trust I had the option to sit up and talk. Daddy said it was a supernatural occurrence, and he cried again from happiness.† Her face blurred. â€Å"I should leave my father in the not so distant future. One day he will understand that since that disease I have not grown an hour older.† â€Å"And you never will?† â€Å"No. That is its marvel, Stefan!† She looked up at him with virtuous bliss. â€Å"I will be youthful perpetually, and I will never pass on! Can you imagine?† He was unable to envision her as something besides what she was currently: beautiful, guiltless, great. â€Å"But-you didn't think that its terrifying at first?† â€Å"At initial, a bit. Be that as it may, Gudren gave me what to do. It was she who advised me to have this ring made, with a

17, at 1217 PM EST

MIT EA Decisions To Be Posted Saturday, 12/17, at 1217 PM EST As the committee meets for the final week of the Early Action cycle, I wanted to duck out for a moment to let you know that, as the title says, we will be releasing Early Action decisions online this Saturday, 12/17, at 12:17 PM EST. To check you decision on the 17th, visit decisions.mit.edu and login with your MyMIT username and password. As soon as you log in, you will receive your decision, so make sure you are ready! In order to verify that you will receive a decision on the 17th, you may visit decisions.mit.edu now and log in with your MyMIT username and password. I recommend you do this now. Strange things happen to people who dont verify they will receive their decision! If youve forgotten your MyMIT password, you may use our automated system to reset it. Simply visit MyMIT and click on the lost password link. There is a similar link for forgotten usernames. If youre having trouble using our automated username/password recovery process, please email mymitpassword [at] mit [dot] eduwith your full name and mailing address. But please, be nice to our office, and dont email that link unless youve tried everything else! Admissions decisions will be available exclusively online. Decisions will not be released via email, snail mail, carrier pigeon, carrier dragon, or intergalactic radio broadcast: However, following the release of admissions decisions, we will be mailing admitted students additional, cylindrical information. Good luck and sit tight! Post Tagged #Early Action

Human Head Transplant Dr. Sergio Canavero Essay - 731 Words

Dr. Sergio Canavero is neurosurgeon that thinks outside the box. Many call him crazy for trying to perform a head transplant, but we have to take risks in order to grow in the medical field. Man used to think hear transplants and liver transplant weren’t possible, but we took risk just like Dr. Sergio Canavero is today. Dr. Sergio Canavero of the Turin Advanced Neuromodulation Group in Italy, Spoke on his plans to perform the first ever human head transplant. Dr. Canaveros has chosen Valery Spiridonov, a 30 year old computer scientist from Vladimir, Russia. Spiridonav has Werdning Hoffmen disease a rare genetic conditions that affects your muscle movement. Spirdonov says â€Å"I can hardly control my body now. I need help every day, every minute† (Spiridonov). When asked about if he was scared Spiridonov replied â€Å"I’m not worried about anything. Someone needs to be first. Someone needs to go further where no one has gone before† (Spiridonov) Dr. Canave ro told CNN he has â€Å"received an array of emails and letters from people asking to be considered for the procedure, many of which were transgender looking for a new body† (qtd. in CNN). The procedure is estimated to take a team of 100 surgeons and 50 nurses around 36 hours to complete. The head from a donor body will be removed using an ultra-sharp blade in order to limit the amount of damage to the spinal cord. â€Å"The spinal cord of the donor will then be fused with the spinal cord of the recipients head. After surgery the patientShow MoreRelatedHow The Brain Works Or How It Is Connected?1347 Words   |  6 PagesOutside the brain may just appear to be a handful of pink and gray muscle, however, as you enter the human brain, it unveils an extremely complex circuit, connecting you with the rest of your body, the brain contains almost 100,00 miles of blood vessels and billions of cells. The brain is a library of information, remembering information and processing it a s quick as 11 million bits per second (The Human Brain). The brain is a very copious system made of four lobes which dictate emotions, thoughts, skillsRead MoreShould We Stop Using Mobile Devices?1994 Words   |  8 Pagescreative, social, and intellectual needs like never before. Yet as wonderful and as this may be, there are those who believe that technology may be making us dumb. They are concerned that reliance on the internet and other technologies is lower human intelligence (Pinker, 293). In the essay â€Å"Mind Over Mass Media,† by Steven Pinker, he addresses these concerns and believes that there is no need for panic. Should we be worried? Should we stop using the internet? Should we stop using mobile devices

Economic Impact of Immigration Essay - 1789 Words

Have you ever really considered just how important all of the factors involved in bringing a salad to the table at your favorite restaurant? If you have not, it is important that you read this paper to understand the impact that immigrated persons have on the population, jobs, wages, services, and ultimately the economy of California. Not to mention the intricate tie the economy has to one of California’s biggest commerces; agriculture. The intention of this paper is to discuss and investigate the impact of immigrated persons on the economy of California and a look at both sides of of the argument about what could happen without a constant level maintained of immigrated persons to keep the California economy moving. Without the†¦show more content†¦And thirdly the article goes on to state: that due to the first two factors â€Å"there is an aggregate reduction of potential consumer spending by $243 billion/year. The reduction in consumer spending reduces demand fo r production, and the demand for workers to provide that production. The result of this reduced demand for labor is a further reduction in wages.† In essence the opposition believes that immigration affects the wages of natural born citizens, or dilutes the earning capabilities. Another report however, prepared by the Academy of Science (2004) does not support the idea that immigration affects the wages of native workers adversely. The study only outlines a weak relationship between immigrant wages and native wages. The most significant impact to wages appears to be from wave to wave of immigrants, the earlier waves seem to endure impact from more recent waves. The report done then by the Academy of Science also indicates that evidence points to the conclusion that there is only a small if any adverse impact of immigration on the wage and employment opportunities of competing native groups. According to Longley (2005) Due to California’s need and use of immigrant workers there is a huge cost associated to the support of immigrants which includes incarceration and healthcare. According to aShow MoreRelatedThe Economic Impact Of Illegal Immigration1603 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This paper examines the economic impact of illegal immigration in the United States. This country was built with the help of millions of legally admitted immigrants, however today illegal immigration is a controversial topic. Despite the illegal status, millions of men and women work and contribute to local, state and national economies. An accepted idea is that most of the illegal immigrants cross the Mexico-US border, therefore most of the illegal immigrants should be Mexicans or fromRead MoreThe Economic Impact Of Illegal Immigration902 Words   |  4 PagesThe economic impact of illegal immigrants in Texas has brought concerns for the state s economy. Such as opportunities, health care, and education. Illegal immigrants contribute both positively and negatively to the Texas economy. They contribute positively by paying for taxes such as sales taxes, health taxes and taxes imposed on items. The negative impacts these immigrants have on the Texas economy seems to overweigh these positive impacts. Their presence has made general wages go down for unqualifiedRead MoreThe Economic Impact Of Illegal Immigration1520 Words   |  7 Pagessection-04 November 19, 2014 Illegal immigration Economic impact of illegal immigration The idea of illegal immigrants has been tarnished by the media. The first thought that pops in to our minds when the topic of illegal immigrants has been brought up is the fact that these people take all the jobs and depress the economy of a country. They have always carried with them a negative connotation, especially in countries like America. This conservative view of illegal immigration has hijacked the minds of manyRead MoreThe Effects Of Immigration On The Host Economy1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe aim of this literature review is to provide an overview of the various effects of immigration on the host economy. The consequences I will be focusing on are on employment, inflation, wage level, economic growth and the welfare system. I am also going to examine what effect the skill level of immigrants has on the economic development of the host country. Then we will concentrate on papers about the situation in particular countries. There is plenty of research available about that particularRead MoreUnderstanding Americans Perspective Toward Immigration Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding Americans’ Perspective toward Immigration Introduction It is no astonishingly to observe that the American population has increased enormously in the last fifteen years. Nevertheless, the massive population growth has occurred due to the arrival of immigrants at a large scale. The Pew Hispanic Center published that from 2005 to 2015, immigrants and their offspring born in the America contributed 45 percent to its total population growth. Within this group of immigrants, Latino immigrantsRead MoreThe Impact Of Immigration On The United States1301 Words   |  6 Pages Wiley. â€Å"The US Council of Economic Advisers on Immigration s Economic Impact. Population and Development Review, 33. 3, (2007), 641. Web. Feb. 2017. Immigration remains the subject of significant public and political debate in the United States. In May and June of 2007, a lot of public attention was concentrated on a debate in the U.S congress on legislation. The bill in front of the senate formally named the â€Å"Secure Borders, Economic Opportunity and Immigration Reform Act of 2007,† was controversialRead MoreIllegal Immigrants Are Good For The Economy Of The United States1250 Words   |  5 Pagesthe larger proportion of the immigrants into the United States. Policy analysts, government officials, as well as scholars have sought to ascertain the political, social, and economic impacts of the illegal immigrants (Hanson 11). Particularly, there has been raging debate regarding the economic impact of illegal immigration to the United States of America. It has become a matter of debate and study as it relates considerably to the nation’s politics and economy. At the centre of this debate is theRead MoreImmigratio n On The United States1302 Words   |  6 PagesImmigration Rights in the U.S. Immigration has occurred in the U.S. for for many years. Some say it’s the foundation of our country. America is the country where people leave their own country to live. People would leave due to mistreatment, hunger issues or job opportunities. America is known for starting over or accomplishing dreams, so immigrants travel over to follow those dreams. People emigrate from one country to another for a variety of complex reasons. Some are forced to move, due to conflictRead MoreTrade Policy For The New President Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagesfor the New President: Concerning Immigration In the recent decades, member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) have seen rapid growth in the foreign-born population which has stimulated research on the socio-economic impacts of immigration. There has been great amounts of research done to produce literature like that of Gould (1994) that propose that immigration has proven statistically to have a significant positive impact on international trade. ConsideringRead MoreSummary Of Alien Nation : Common Sense About America s Immigration Disaster1317 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated bibliography Reflection paper Brimelow, Peter. Alien nation: common sense about America’s immigration disaster. (1995). This article talks about immigration and its consequences in America. In addition to this, the paper talks about the reasons behind the ballooning level of immigrants in amerce. Some of the reasons that the article outlines include; search for better employment in the US as they fear their nations which have low levels of employment, escape war from their nations

What I Learned from Studying the Rise and Fall of Enron

In an ideal world there would be no corruption, no conflict, and no need for regulations. But this is not an ideal world and these problems happen every day. The business world is not exempt from this problem. Many businesses rely on ethics to help guide their company successfully. Our textbook Business Ethics: How to Design and Manage Ethical Organizations Denis Collins defines ethics as, â€Å"the set of principles a person uses to determine whether an action is good or bad† (5). All over the world there are businesses that take part in unethical behavior for many different reasons. Some countries even allow these unethical conducts, such as bribery, as a part of the norm. But for the United States, we have a stricter set of principles in place to try and stop unethical business practices from happening. That doesn’t mean that they don’t happen. Collins discusses a 2009 survey conducted by The Ethics Resource Center on 3,010 employees. Collins states that, â₠¬Å"approximately half of the respondents observed at least one type of major ethical misconduct in the workplace during the past year, and nearly half of these violated the law† (6). If uncovered these corruptions are not tolerated and can lead to the fall of anything from a small mom and pop business to massive a Corporation. That is exactly what happened to the Enron Corporation back in 2001. In this essay I will discuss what exactly Enron is, the unethical business practices that occurred, and my opinion on the scandal andShow MoreRelatedBernard Madoff Scandal3036 Words   |  13 Pagesthe Financial Markets were riddled with corruption and fraud. At the beginning of the decade we saw the likes of Enron and WorldCom become insolvent due to accounting frauds of epic proportions. 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Stylistic Analysis of “Arrowsmith” by Sinclair Lewis free essay sample

The author mocks at the weak points of education, at ridiculous university traditions and the life of students in general. The title of the story â€Å"Arrowsmith† depicts the surname of the main character. It is a quite rare English surname. The second part of the compound â€Å"Smith† means a person who does something extraordinary. An arrow is usually associated with reaching a goal. The surname Arrowsmith is suitable for a person who is initiative, able to think critically, who is patient and persuasive in doing his job. Martin Arrowsmith is just this type of a person. For his shyness he is an attractive young man devoted to his studying. The author describes his university experience. The story is a 3-d person narration. It emphasizes that the author is not a participant of the events but just an observer. The description of the university of Winnemac is full of exaggeration . Its comparison to Oxford and Harvard, â€Å"its buildings measured by the mile† are good examples of hyperbole. We will write a custom essay sample on Stylistic Analysis of â€Å"Arrowsmith† by Sinclair Lewis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The enumeration of the disciplines taught at Winnemac is used to show the great variety of useless subjects that students should cope with and to depict the broad specialization of universities where Doctors of Philosophy just â€Å"give rapid instructions†. Sinclair Levis says that such variety of subjects can’t guarantee a good quality of education. The epithets â€Å"leisury nonsence†, â€Å" snobbish college† are contradicted by a bright metaphor – the university â€Å"is a mill to turn out men and women who will lead moral lives†¦Ã¢â‚¬  . All these devices help the reader to catch the sight of irony which is used more vividly in the sentence where the university is compared to a Ford Motor Factory. It is also a metaphor and this hidden comparison is used to mention that the work of a college is standardized and there is no ground for developing creative thinking, different from the standard one. Everything is designed to produce ordinary people ready to serve for the society. The characteristic of Martin is also very bright. Talking about his prospects the author uses enumeration: a respectable runner, a fair basketball center, a savage hockey player. The example of metaphor is â€Å"The University has become his world†. It puts emphasis on Martin’s loneliness and devotion to studying. Describing Digamma Pi Sinclair Lewis uses zeugma: â€Å"It was a lively boarding-house with a billiard table and low prices†, â€Å"In a fraternity, all tennis rackets, trousers and opinions are held in common†. Then goes oxymoron â€Å"comfortably immoral† . Everything depicts the doubtful reputation of the fraternity. The conversation between Martin and Ira Hinkley is spiced with antithesis â€Å"high ideals- tortured bodies† and oxymoron â€Å"rottenest advantages†. But the most vivid is the description of Fatty Pfaff. Here Sinclair Lewis uses irony saying that he was â€Å"the most useful to Digamma Pi†, simile â€Å" he looked like a distended hot water bottle†, oxymoron â€Å" he was magnificently imbecile†, bright enumeration â€Å"he believed everything, he knew nothing, he could memorize nothing†. All these stylistic devises help to create the vivid image of Fatty, his appearance and foolish innocence. On the example of this character the author shows stupid traditions and cruel behavior of the students. But still in every company there is such butt to whom â€Å"thoughtful house-mates† (irony again) like to play tricks. The metaphor â€Å"the living room suggested a recent cyclone† is the most suitable for the description of Digamma Pi. Then goes the enumeration of a great many of things that can be found there. Everything is used to show the way of life of students. Sinclair Lewis is a master of stylistic devises. His irony is vivid, his metaphor is bright, he forces the reader to think over the most burning problems of education and the lifestyle of students at the same time entertaining the public.

optimism in candide Essays - Motivation, Philosophy Of Life

optimism in candide Voltaire's Candide uses anti-heroism as an object of mockery against the philosophers of the Enlightenment. Candide, the hero of the novel travels around the world where he encounters many difficulties. During his travels, he sticks to the teaching of his tutor, Doctor Pangloss, believing that "everything is for the best" (3). The sheer stupidity of these illogical conclusions points out Voltaire's problem with most optimists: the illogical degree to which they would carry their doctrine.. Pangloss's interpretation of cause and effect is so ignorant as to be comical such as the physics lesson ?. While Candide tells an interesting story, it is more important as a satire. However, this does not prove Voltaire is a pessimist. In Albert Camus the plague there is a different type of optimism. As the plague takes over the town and more and more people start dying the main character Rieux is the only one who remains to have a sense of optimism. Albert Camus was taught to look on the brighter side of life from a young boy or so according to his autobiography. Like rieux who seemed to be the only one who did not seek greed or isolation during the extremely hard time. Philosophers believed that reason could be used to explain everything. The philosophers believed that people could make the world a better place to live in. Voltaire is against such optimism. Voltaire chooses to simplify it to the extent that it seemed complacent and absurd, and he went on to make us think if happiness was real .1-2). According to Voltaire true happiness can only be experienced in an unreal world. The trouble that Candide endures after leaving Eldorado culminates in his eventual abandonment of optimism. Candide loses four of his sheep laden with priceless jewels due to natural causes, and then sees his two remaining sheep stolen, and the local magistrate indifferent to the theft. "Certainly, [says Candide,] if everything goes well, it is in Eldorado and not in the rest of the world" (42). Candide goes a step further, "Oh Pangloss, cried Candide, you have no notion of these abominations! I'm through; I must give up your optimism after all. What's optimism? Said Cacamb o. Alas, said Candide, it is a mania for saying things are well when one is in hell" (40). Candide's happy view of life is contrasted with and challenged by suffering that he goes through, throughout the book. Hence, Voltaire uses the book to show foolishness of optimism. Voltaire also satirizes religion. According to him the extremely pious and the clergy are willing to turn their back on their fellow man, but those who have not even been baptized are willing to lend a helping hand. Candide, shortly after the battle, asks many religious individuals for alms, but they all, including one who had just lectured on charity, refused to aid him. Finally Jacques the Anabaptist takes pity on his fellow human, a "featherless biped possessing a soul" (6). Voltaire attacks not only the blanket optimism of Dr. Pangloss, but also the religious aspect of faith the idea that there is a good will guiding earthly events. The fact that good and bad alike suffer and die seems to be evidence that God is not in charge. Voltaire believed that God had abandoned the world because he was a Jesuit. (183). the hypocrisy of religion, especially that of the Roman Catholic Church, is recurrent in Candide. Underlying the satire of religious practices is Voltaire's outrage at all fo rms of fanaticism and intolerance. Voltaire claims that religious leaders blame "the fall of man [as the system] we put on all these individual maladies". Voltaire adds, "it is clear that the system undermines the very foundations of the Christian religion, and explains nothing at all" (88) , Camus conveys his own philosophy in a certain way so that his characters are subject to his personal ideals and morals. Camus believes there is no god, and essentially that human beings need to be responsible for their own lives ,happiness and decency .through the eyes of all of his characters .Through his use of false optimism . Wade says "Voltaire destroys the philosophy of optimism by graphically

Proper Military and Professional Bearing Essay Example

Proper Military and Professional Bearing Essay Example Proper Military and Professional Bearing Paper Proper Military and Professional Bearing Paper Proper Military and Professional Bearing, Order, Discipline, and Respect IAW AR 600-20 FM 6-22 1. Military Discipline a. Military discipline is founded upon self-discipline, respect for properly constituted authority, and the embracing of the professional Army ethic with its supporting individual values. Military discipline will be developed by individual and group training to create a mental attitude resulting in proper conduct and prompt obedience to lawful military authority. b. While military discipline is the result of effective training, it is affected by every feature of military life. It is manifested in individuals and units by cohesion, bonding, and a spirit of teamwork; by smartness of appearance and action; by cleanliness and maintenance of dress, equipment, and quarters; by deference to seniors and mutual respect between senior and subordinate personnel; by the prompt and willing execution of both the letter and the spirit of the legal orders of their lawful commanders; and by fairness, justice, and equity for all Soldiers, regardless of race, religion, color, gender, and national origin. c. c. Commanders and other leaders will maintain discipline according to the policies of this chapter, applicable laws and regulations, and the orders of seniors. 2. Obedience to orders a. All persons in the military service are required to strictly obey and promptly execute the legal orders of their lawful seniors. 3. Military Courtesy a. Courtesy among members of the Armed Forces is vital to maintain military discipline. Respect to seniors will be extended at all times (see AR 600–25, chap 4). b. The actions of military personnel will reflect respect to both the national anthem and the national colors. The courtesies listed in AR 600–25, appendix A, should be rendered the national colors and national anthem at public events whether the Soldier is off or on duty, whether he or she is in or out of uniform. Intentional disrespect to the national colors or national anthem is conduct prejudicial to good order and discipline and discredits the military service. 4. Soldier Conduct a. Ensuring the proper conduct of Soldiers is a function of command. Commanders and leaders in the Army whether on or off duty or in a leave status, will- (1) Ensure all military personnel present a neat, soldierly appearance. 2) Take action consistent with Army regulation in any case where a Soldier’s conduct violates good order and military discipline. b. On public conveyances in the absence of military police, the person in charge of the conveyance will be asked to notify the nearest military police and arrange to have them, if necessary, take custody of military personnel. In serious situation s, such as physical assault, the person in charge of the conveyance will be asked to stop at the first opportunity and request local police assistance. In all such cases, the local police will be advised to telephone (collect) the nearest Army post or Army headquarters. c. When an offense endangering the reputation of the Army is committed elsewhere (not on a public conveyance) and military police are not available, civilian police will be requested to take appropriate action. d. When military police are not present, the senior officer, WO, or NCO present will obtain the Soldier’s name, grade, social security number, organization, and station. The information and a statement of the circumstances will be sent to the Soldier’s commanding officer without delay. If the Soldier is turned over to the civilian police, the above information will be sent to the civilian police for transmittal to the proper military authorities. 5. Maintenance of Order a. the Navy and Coast Guard shore patrols are authorized and directed to apprehend Armed Forces members who commit offenses punishable under the UCMJ. Officers, WOs, NCOs, and petty officers of the Armed Forces are authorized and directed to quell all quarrels, frays, and disorders among persons subject to military law and to apprehend participants. Those exercising this authority should do so with judgment and tact. Personnel so apprehended will be returned to the jurisdiction of their respective Service as soon as practical. Confinement of females will be according to AR 190–47. 6. Exercising Military Authority a. Military authority is exercised promptly, firmly, courteously and fairly. Commanders should consider administrative corrective measures before deciding to impose nonjudicial punishment. Trial by court-martial is ordinarily inappropriate for minor offenses unless lesser forms of administering discipline would be ineffective (see MCM, Part V, and chap 3, AR 27–10). b. One of the most effective administrative corrective measures is extra training or instruction (including on-the-spot correction). For example, if Soldiers appear in an improper uniform, they are required to correct it immediately; if they do not maintain their housing area properly, they must correct the deficiency in a timely manner. If Soldiers have training deficiencies, they will be required to take extra training or instruction in subjects directly related to the shortcoming. (1) The training, instruction, or correction given to a Soldier to correct deficiencies must be directly related to the deficiency. It must be oriented to improving the Soldier’s performance in his or her problem area. Corrective measures may be taken after normal duty hours. Such measures assume the nature of training or instruction, not punishment. Corrective training should continue only until the training deficiency is overcome. Authority to use it is part of the inherent powers of command. (2) Care should be taken at all levels of command to ensure that training and instruction are not used in an oppressive manner to evade the procedural safeguards applying to imposing nonjudicial punishment. Deficiencies satisfactorily corrected by means of training and instruction will not be noted in the official records of the Soldiers concerned. 7. Relationships between Soldiers of different rank a. The term officer, as used in this paragraph, includes both commissioned and warrant officers unless otherwise stated. The provisions of this paragraph apply to both relationships between Army personnel (to include dual-status military technicians in the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard) and between Army personnel and personnel of other military services. This policy is effective immediately, except where noted below, and applies to different-gender relationships and same-gender relationships. b. Relationships between Soldiers of different rank are prohibited if they- (1) Compromise, or appear to compromise, the integrity of supervisory authority or the chain of command. (2) Cause actual or perceived partiality or unfairness. (3) Involve, or appear to involve, the improper use of rank or position for personal gain. (4) Are, or are perceived to be, exploitative or coercive in nature. 5) Create an actual or clearly predictable adverse impact on discipline, authority, morale, or the ability of the command to accomplish its mission. c. Certain types of personal relationships between officers and enlisted personnel are prohibited. Prohibited relationships include- (1) Ongoing business relationships between officers and enlisted personnel. This prohibition does not apply to landlord/tenant relationships or to one-time transactions such as the sale of an automobile or house, but does apply to borrowing or lending money, commercial solicitation, and any other type of on-going financial or business relationship. Business relationships which exist at the time this policy becomes effective, and that were authorized under previously existing rules and regulations, are exempt until March 1, 2000. In the case of Army National Guard or United States Army Reserve personnel, this prohibition does not apply to relationships that exist due to their civilian occupation or employment. (2) Dating, shared living accommodations other than those directed by operational requirements, and intimate or sexual relationships between officers and enlisted personnel. This prohibition does not apply to- (a) Marriages. When evidence of fraternization between an officer and enlisted member prior to their marriage exists, their marriage does not preclude appropriate command action based on the prior fraternization. Commanders have a wide range of responses available including counseling, reprimand, order to cease, reassignment, administrative action or adverse action. Commanders must carefully consider all of the facts and circumstances in reaching a disposition that is appropriate. Generally, the commander should take the minimum action necessary to ensure that the needs of good order and discipline are satisfied. b) Situations in which a relationship that complies with this policy would move into non-compliance due to a change in status of one of the members (for instance, a case where two enlisted members are dating and one is subsequently commissioned or selected as a warrant officer). In relationships where one of the enlisted members has entered into a program intended to result in a change in their status from enlisted to officer, the couple must terminate the relationship permanently or marry within either ne year of the actual start date of the program, before the change in status occurs, or within one year of the publication date of this regulation, whichever occurs later. (c) Personal relationships between members of the National Guard or Army Reserve, when the relationship primarily exists due to civilian acquaintanceships, unless the individuals are on active duty (other than annual training), on full-time National Guard duty (other than annual training), or serving as a dual status military technician. d) Personal relationships between members of the Regular Army and members of the National Guard or Army Reserve when the relationship primarily exists due to civilian association and the Reserve component member is not on active duty (other than annual training), on full-time National Guard duty (other than annual training), or serving as a dual status military tech nician. e) Prohibited relationships involving dual status military technicians, which were not prohibited under previously existing rules and regulations, are exempt until one year of publication date of this regulation. (f) Soldiers and leaders share responsibility, however, for ensuring that these relationships do not interfere with good order and discipline. Commanders will ensure that personal relationships that exist between Soldiers of different ranks emanating from their civilian careers will not influence training, readiness, or personnel actions. 3) Gambling between officers and enlisted personnel. d. These prohibitions are not intended to preclude normal team building associations that occur in the context of activities such as community organizations, religious activities, Family gatherings, unit-based social functions, or athletic teams or events. e. All military personnel share the responsibility for maintaining professional relationships. However, in any relationship between Soldiers of different grade or rank, the senior member is generally in the best position to terminate or limit the extent of the relationship. Nevertheless, all members may be held accountable for relationships that violate this policy. f. Commanders should seek to prevent inappropriate or unprofessional relationships through proper training and leadership by example. Should inappropriate relationships occur, commanders have available a wide range of responses. These responses may include counseling, reprimand, order to cease, reassignment, or adverse action. Potential adverse action may include official reprimand, adverse evaluation report(s), nonjudicial punishment, separation, bar to reenlistment, promotion denial, demotion, and courts martial. Commanders must carefully consider all of the facts and circumstances in reaching a disposition that is warranted, appropriate, and fair. 8. Hazing a. The Army has been and continues to be a values-based organization where everyone is encouraged to do what is right by treating others as they should be treated- with dignity and respect. Hazing is fundamentally in opposition to our values and is prohibited. b. Definition. Hazing is defined as any conduct whereby one military member or employee, regardless of Service or rank, unnecessarily causes another military member or employee, regardless of Service or rank, to suffer or be exposed to an activity that is cruel, abusive, oppressive, or harmful. 1) Hazing includes, but is not limited, to any form of initiation rite of passage or congratulatory act that involves: physically striking another in order to inflict pain; piercing another’s skin in any manner; forcing or requiring the consumption of excessive amounts of food, alcohol, drugs, or other substances; or encouraging another to engage in illegal, harmful, demeaning or dangerous acts. Soliciting or coercing another to part icipate in any such activity is also considered hazing. Hazing need not involve physical contact among or between military members or employees; it can be verbal or psychological in nature. (2) When authorized by the chain of command and not unnecessarily cruel, abusive, oppressive, or harmful, the following activities do not constitute hazing: (a) The physical and mental hardships associated with operations or operational training. (b) Administrative corrective measures, including verbal reprimands and a reasonable number of repetitions of authorized physical exercises. (c) Extra military instruction or training. d) Physical training or remedial physical training. (e) Other similar activities. (3) Whether or not such actions constitute hazing, they may be inappropriate or violate relevant civilian personnel guidance, depending on the type of activities and the assigned duties of the employee involved. c. Scope. Hazing is not limited to superior-subordinate relationships. It may occur between peers or even, under certain circumstances, ma y involve actions directed towards senior military personnel by those junior in rank or grade to them (for example, a training instructor hazing a student who is superior in rank). Hazing has at times occurred during graduation ceremonies or similar military rites of passage. However, it may also happen in day-to-day military settings. It is prohibited in all cases, to include off-duty or unofficial celebrations or unit functions. Express or implied consent to hazing is not a defense to violation of this regulation. d. Command responsibilities. Enforcement of this policy is a responsibility of commanders at all levels. Commanders will devote particular attention to graduation or advancement ceremonies as well as other occasions or settings that might put Soldiers at risk for voluntary or involuntary hazing. These situations will be supervised properly, respectful of all participants, perpetuate the best of the traditions that the Army embraces, and leave all participants and spectators feeling proud to be a member of or associated with the U. S. Army. e. Command options. This paragraph is punitive with regards to Soldiers. Violators of this policy may be subject to Article 92 of the UCMJ (Failure to obey a lawful general order or regulation). Other applicable UCMJ articles include Article 80 (Attempts), Article 81 (Conspiracy), Article 93 (Cruelty and maltreatment), Article 124 (Maiming), Article 128 (Assault), Article 133 (Conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman), and Article 134 (Drunk and disorderly conduct, and/or Soliciting another to commit an offense). Civilian employees who violate this policy may also be subject to adverse action or discipline in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Commanders should seek the advice and counsel of their legal advisor when taking actions pursuant to this paragraph.

Ethics of a management accountant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics of a management accountant - Essay Example This paper will discuss the ethics of management accountants and explain why there is a need for standardized code of conduct for the financial management practitioners and management accounting. Ethics refers to the fundamental principles or the moral values and rules that guide human behaviors on whether they are right or wrong on a specified line of profession. Ethics of a managerial accountant are meant to ensure that a certain level of trust is attained within the institutions and beyond. Ethical values in financial management are paramount for maintaining accuracy and proper interpretation and analysis of financial data. These ethical values are meant to eliminate any form of financial discrepancies introduced in books of accounts either intentionally or accidentally. In addition, financial variations have a negative effect on all the stakeholders and the information provided by the accountants is crucial for budgeting purposes by the organization’s top management (Duska, Duska & Ragatz, 2011). Moreover, financial and accounting ethics are very critical in any form of business or organization since it deals with actual facts and figures for institutions forecasting. The business management makes full use of the information provided by the accounting department when reviewing the business objectives and targets and also in the vital decision making situations. In addition, accounting practitioners have full access to sensitive business information and should be handled with great care to maintain organizations trust and confidentiality (Duska, Duska & Ragatz, 2011). Therefore, it is unethical to use this information for personal gain since it would lead to detrimental legal implications. For the above mentioned reasons, financial accounting ethics ascertain that managerial accountants can be trusted with sensitive business information if the enterprise is to realize

Social networking and information system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social networking and information system - Essay Example Although most of the activity done on social media is either non-work-related or entirely harmless, employers sometimes take exception to the employees’ online postings and take disciplinary action against them. Some kinds of social media usage by employees that usually acquire disciplinary action from the employers include posting photos or videos showing some sort of misbehavior related to work e.g. tweeting about avoiding work or feigning illness, and expressing views over social media whose connection to the organization is not appreciated or approved of by the employers. The technical, legal, and ethical implications of the social media in business imparts need for government and organizations to work at their respective levels to develop safety mechanisms, security systems, and codes of ethics to guide the behavior of employees at the workplace. Business use of social media saw a two-fold increase from 11 per cent in 2008 to 22 per cent in 2009 (Sarrel, 2010). Social med ia is being increasingly used by the employees at the workplace for both non-work and work related purposes including attracting clients and developing joint ventures. Organizations use social media to engage their customers and market their products and services as social media websites â€Å"provide a cyber-meeting space for people wanting to network† (Carroll and Buchholtz, 2011, p. 270). Rise in the use of new technology in general and of the Internet and the social media at the workplace in particular implies that employees can now access information related to their employment law and employment rights much more easily than they could in the past. A vast majority of organizations and unions provide information related to their employment rights in definite sections of their websites in formats that are easily understandable including links to social media websites like YouTube and Twitter. Although employees’ increased access to information can generally be perce ived as a positive development since it increases their awareness about employment laws and assists them in dealing with work related issues, yet this also poses certain challenges for organizations. For example, employees may prefer getting information about employment laws online rather than directly approaching their managers or consulting a trade union representative. As a result, employees have a tendency of misunderstanding information that has been garnered out of context online, which in effect, complicates the interaction on specific issues between employers and employees. As social networking websites have become more popular, employees have received a platform where they can display a lot of information about themselves. This information is visible to everybody in the public and potentially to the employer. The employer can access all that information including photographs showing the activities and behavior of the employees outside of work which can have an adverse impac t on the dignity and reputation of an employee at work. Principally, an employer should not judge an employee’s performance at work based on their private life activities. Every employee has a personal life that should be respected by the employers until the employee does not breach the ethical guidelines established by the organization. Baldas (2009) argues that with the awareness that the information about private life has been accessible to the

A Study On Mass Media Social Norms Media Essay

A Study On Mass Media Social Norms Media Essay Chauhan (2001) in his book television and social transformation has empirically studied the impact of television on college students with regard to their social life, political attitudes, educational performance and their reactions to the advertisement and entertainment programmes. The study suggested that the majority of the respondents admitted that changes have come in their sleeping timings, study timings and also the visiting and the entertaining the guests. Some political serials and programmes have promoted the feelings of patriotism, the political talk-shows was able to establish rapport with the masses as it was admitted by the respondents. Majority of the respondents liked viewing advertisements. Regarding the projection of women on television screen the students did not like the way in which the women are shown on the screen. Moreover, they had no objection regarding the projection of children on T.V. screen. Most of the students admitted improvement in their examination r esults. Finally the respondents suggested allotting more time to entertainment programme as compared to other programmes.39 Shanahan and Morgan (1992) conducted a comparative case study of how adolescents use T.V. and how this relates to interactions with their families in five countries, namely Argentina, Taiwan, Korea, China and USA. In the following study the issues addressed including television exposure, family conflict over television and the relationship of T.V. viewing to family communication. The study indicates a strong positive association between the parents in Argentina, Taiwan and USA. Most of the adolescents watch television with their parents and feel closer and more satisfied the amount of time spends together. 40 Kuo-Yi Wu (1990) studies the role and contribution of television in shaping of social perception such as sex roles, crime and violence, inter-personal relationships and ageing in Taiwan. In terms of perception of sex roles, contribution of television viewing is distinctly contingent upon the background and other social conditions. A more liberal stance is related to heavy viewers both Chinese or American programmes among females and those with high parental education. They generally prefer the foreign programme to the indigenous programmes. A consistent and significant relationship is found between weekday viewing and a more mistrustful world view. 41 Kang (1989) studies the measures of the pervasiveness of the cultural outlook in Korean T.V. programming. The study focused on Korean students perception about traditional and western values in terms of sex roles, the family system, violence and social deviance. He conducted his study on 1169 Junior High School students in Seoul, Korea. Although the finding are not statistically enormous, they seem to indicate that heavy Korean T.V. viewing is weakly related to traditional sex roles, the liberal attitudes towards dating and marriage and to a distorted social reality on violence and social dominance.42 Kang (1989) in his study indicate that Korean students who watch more AFKN (American Forces Korean Network) are more likely to take more liberal position on the sex role attitudes. He apprehended that compared to male, females are predisposed to think and behave in certain non-traditional ways such as wearing jeans and willingness to discount Confucianism. The females also felt that they would share dating expanses. 43 Ware and Michael (1994) analysed 17 quantitative studies from 16 publications using the Meta analysis approach. A significant positive association between exposure to entertainment programmes and the dependent variables suggest that programmes imported from U.S have a small but statistically significant impact on the foreign audience. The study revealed that exposure to U.S. entertainment programmes is more likely to increase preference for American products and influence attitudes toward America. The study also says that exposure to U.S. Television programming alone will not automatically generate an adoption of U.S. values. This impact is influenced by both study characteristics and types of dependent measure.44 Sharriffadin (1995) in his study looks at some of the major economic, cultural and social issues faced by the developing countries arising from the new technology. Author concludes in his study that the new communication era should not be perceived on purely technological phenomenon. It ultimate impact on social and cultural, although technological advancement is the key factor. This new era invites a change in social and cultural patterns.45 Goonasekera (1995) conducted a study on 263 viewers of two metropolitan cities revealed that most popular channels were DD, Star Plus, BBC, Zee and sun TV. Overall opinion towards foreign programme was positive. The elements not liked in foreign programmes are sex, vulgarity, violence and crime. But the overall opinion of the viewers was firmly against foreign television programmes. 46 Kya Bobo and Husten (2000) reveals key finding from the large body of literature on socio-cultural mechanisms that encourage tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents and adults. Authors state that these mechanisms exert similar effects on both alcohol and tobacco use behaviours. Socio-cultural factors that encourage smokers to drink and drinkers to smoke have not received extensive study, but they may account for some of the substantial variations in adult tobacco use rates seen among different levels of alcohol consumption. The authors explains the recent wreaking of association between drinking and smoking that is consistent with changes in societal attitudes toward tobacco and standards of care in alcoholism treatment facilities, the connection may continue to be quite strange among some population.47 Menon and Vohra (2001) conducted a study on the sample consisted of 70 urban middle class (annual income between 4-10 lakh rupees) students in the age range of 18-23 years from colleges in New Delhi affiliated to Delhi University. The upper middle class sample was chosen for their access to television and satellite channels. University students were selected as it was felt that this segment had the independence to watch what they want, and when they want as unlike school children, their free time is not rigidly regulated by the school curricula or parental rules regarding what to watch. Finding indicates the significant gender difference was noticed in the viewership of the sports channel, music channels, English serials, Hindi serials and the family portrayal in the serial they would create (i.e. portraying new trends, nuclear family or a joint family). Further, educational differences between the postgraduate and undergraduate sample were evident in the statistically significant di fferences in the viewership of Hindi serials and family portrayal in the self-creation section. These results indicate that the hypothesis suggesting that females would favour soap operas while the male sample would favour sports and information programmes.48 Verma and Larson (2002) conducted a study to understand the effects of T.V. on youth. A sample of 100 urban middle class Indian families selected for research. The author found in his study on an average adolescents viewing T.V. about 12 hours per week, 90% of this viewing occurred at home, 73% done with other family members, including 7% with grandparents, uncle or aunts. The study indicates that T.V. viewing for these youth is typically a family activity. The finding indicates that the T.V. viewing is typically a relaxed antidote to the stresses of the day that they share with their families.49 Zia Anjum (2004) conducted a study on Cable Television Watching Habits of the Youth in Pakistan. This study was aimed at to collect precise data to analyze the opinion preferences and requirements of the youth in Lahore regarding their cable T.V. watching habits. For this purpose, students of both genders of different colleges and Universities have been contacted so that people belongs to all section of the society can be reached. A sample of 300 respondents in totality selected the result show that young people only acquire entertainment from the cable T.V. They wish to have access to only those selected channels that do not promote immorality and untraditional indecency.50 further, indicates in her study that a large majority (85%) of the college and university students have their own access to cable T.V. A vast majority of the youngsters (62%) spend 3-4 hours daily to watch cable television programmes. The largest portion of the sample under study (39%) only watches cable T.V. for the sake of entertainment, second major reason for which youngster prefer to watch cable T.V. is for Leisure (18%). Majority of youngsters are interested in watching foreign channels instead of Pakistani channels on the cable T.V. 51 ibid Hemamalini et.al (2010) states that though violent images are portrayal in chutti T.V is no relationship between these images and children violent behaviour. Comparing to the television news channels and other adult focussed other channels mostly in native channels the T.V. so not have any moorings towards Indian culture since they are foreign productions. It is stated by authors that it is very difficult to dissociate violent images from the surroundings violence in which the children are captive. Authors state that the programmes that adults watch from in which the children are not spared are more violent images that Chutti T.V. For some children aggression is an expression that gives vent to their emotions. Authors state that children could be aggressive if he or she is hyperactive. This requires a need to channelize the aggression depicted in T.V. images so that it is expressed in a society acceptable manner. Authors explain that children should be discouraged to watch T.V. one h our before they go to bed. 52 Daud et. al (2011) in his study state that television advertisements in general and those involving some celebrities have immense and long lasting impact on youths lifestyle, religious values, family bonding and their decision making for buying various items. Authors state that some of the effects are really damaging for our society which are generally based on combined family system, established religions and cultural value and where majority of people cannot afford to purchase the products, which have severe temptation for youth in the race of show power. 53 Ahluwalia and Singh (2011) revealed in his study that T.V. competes with family, school, society and religious institutions to provide role models and information that affect childrens beliefs, values, behaviour, attitude and lifestyle. This study was conducted to make note of T.V. viewing patterns amongst children from middle and upper middle socio-economic strata of the urban society. A sample of 400 children of 8 to 16 years of age, across the region of Punjab was selected. Both the authors found in his study that on an average children watch 2 hours or less T.V. daily and most of them indulge in bedtime T.V. viewing. They watched T.V. primarily for entertainment and for learning. Childrens most preferred programme was childrens show/serials followed by cartoon/animated programmes. 54 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK This study has analysed Socio-cultural Impact of Television on Youth. The main purpose of this study was to find out the impact/influence of television programmes/channels on the life patterns of youth. As a communication technology, television has a great acceptance and is being used extensively in India. Television viewership is no more restricted to the upper and upper-middle class of India as it used to be a few years back. Being inexpensive and easy to access, television spread rapidly in India. It has become one of the common household commodities. Therefore, this study attempted to understand whether demography influenced the viewership patterns of respondents or not. Television provides a variety of local and foreign channels and helps people in selecting programmes according to their taste and choice. Therefore, the first part of this study explored respondents preferred channels and kinds of programmes, reasons for watching television, preferred time of watching and control over the remote. It justified the application of Uses and Gratification Theory. This theory identifies television consumption patterns according to needs and satisfaction of targeted class. The gratification factor leads to the exposure of channels/programmes which in turn can generate impact/effects. Main part of the present research comes under the impact tradition. It demands discussion on theories based on observational learning and information processing emphasize lasting impact/effects of exposure to media contents. Thus, the study also applies Cultivation Theory in terms of impact through exposure (depending upon heavy and light viewership of television) and Social learning Theory which says that viewers attend and learn from models which are attractive, powerful, rewarding and similar to themselves. They do not act immediately on what they learn from television. Instead, they store such knowledge to be used when their own circumstances elicit it. Hence, the framework of this research is based on the set of three theories i.e. Uses and Gratification Theory, Cultivation Theory and Social Learning Theory. These theories are discussed below in relation with the present study in brief. 2.1Uses and Gratification Utility Theory, often known as the Uses and Gratification Approach offers another way of explaining why people expose themselves to some communications and not others (the preferred channels/programmes); why they perceive a fraction of these to which they are exposed and why they remember- correctly or incorrectly. Blumler and Katzs Uses and Gratification Theory suggest that media users play an active role in choosing and using media. Users take an active part in the communication process and are goal oriented in their media usage. Theorists say that media users seek out source that best fulfils their needs. Uses and Gratification Theory assumes that users have alternate choices to satisfy their needs (Griffin. 2000).55 Focus of this theory is that viewers attend perceive and remember information that is pleasurable or that will in some way help satisfy their needs. Therefore, this research probed into which television channels/programmes are preferred by the targeted audience and which of their needs are satisfied by viewing them. Uses and Gratification Theory takes a more humanistic approach to looking at the media usage. Blumler and Katz believe that there is not merely one way that the populace uses media. Instead, they believe there are as many reasons for using media as there are media users. According to the theory, media consumers have a free will to decide how they will use the media and how it will affect them. Blumler and Katz believe that media consumers can choose the influence media has on them as well as the idea that users choose media alternatives merely as a mean. Uses and Gratification Theory is the optimists view of media. The theory takes out the possibility that media can have an unconscious influence on our lives and how we view the world. The idea that we simply use media to satisfy a given need does not seem to fully recognize the power of media in todays society. (West, R. and Turner, I..H. 2000: 332).56 2.2 Cultivation Theory (Cultivation theory-sometimes referred to as the cultivation hypothesis or cultivation analysis-was an approach developed by Professor George Grebner, dean of the Annenberg School of Communication at the University of Pennysylvania. He began the Cultural Indicators research project in the mid-1960s, to study whether and how watching television may influence viewers ideas of what the everyday world is like.) 57 Cultivation Theory in its most basic form, suggests that television is responsible for shaping or cultivating viewers conceptions of social reality. The combined effect of massive television exposure by viewers over time subtly shapes the perception of social reality for individuals and, ultimately for our culture as a whole. Thus, cultivation research is in the effects traditions. Cultivation research looks at the mass media as a socialising agent and investigates whether television viewers come to believe the television version of reality the more they watch it. Gerbner and his colleagues argue that television drama has a small but significant influence on the attitudes, beliefs and judgement of viewers concerning the social world. The focus is on heavy viewers. People who watch a lot of television are likely to be more influenced by the ways in which the world is framed by television programmes than are individuals who watch less, especially regarding topics of which the viewer has little first-hand experience. Light viewers may have more sources of information than heavy viewers. 58 This study has used Cultivation Theory by George Gerbner as a guide in exploring the consequences/effects. Under guidance of this theory, this study may be able to emerge as a new theory. Essentially, the theory states that heavy exposure to mass media namely television creates and cultivates attitudes more consistent with a media conjured version of reality than with what actual reality is. The cultivation theory asserts that heavy viewers attitudes are cultivated primarily by what they watch on television. Gerbner views this television world as not a window on or reflection of the world, but a world in itself (Mc Quail. 1993: 100).59 Cultivation theorists argue that television has long term effects which are small, gradual, indirect but cumulative and significant. They emphasize the effects of television viewing on attitude rather than the behaviour of viewers. Heavy viewing of television is seen as cultivating attitudes which are more consistent with the world of television programmes than with the everyday world. Cultivation theorists are best known for their study of television and viewers and in particular, for a focus on the topic of violence. However, some studies have also considered other mass media from this perspective and have dealt with topics such as gender roles, age groups, ethnic groups and political attitudes. Cultivation theorists argue that heavy viewing leads viewers (even among high educational/high income groups) to have more homogeneous or convergent opinions then light viewers (who tend to have more heterogeneous or divergent opinion). The cultivation effect of television viewing is one of the levelling or homogenizing opinion. Gross considered that television is a cultural arm of the established industrial order and as such serves primarily to maintain, stabilize and reinforce rather than to alter, threaten or weaken conventional beliefs and behaviours (Boyd. Barrett. Braham. And Peter, B. 1987: 100).60 Cultivation theorists are well known for their study of television and viewers and in particular for a focus on the topic of violence. However, some studies have also considered other mass media from this perspective and have dealt with topics such as gender roles, age groups, ethnic groups and political attitudes. A study of American college students found that heavy soap opera viewers were more likely than light viewers to overestimate the number of real life married people who had affairs or who had been divorced and the number of women who had abortions (Wimmer and Dominick. 1993: 512).61 Gerbner reported evidence for resonance a double dose effect which may boost cultivation. This is held to occur when viewers everyday life experiences are congruent with those depicted in the television world. For instance, since on television women are most likely to be victims of crime, women heavy viewers are influenced by the usual heavy viewer mainstreaming effect but are also led to feel especially fearful for themselves as women. The cultivation effect is also argued to be strongest when viewers neighbourhood is similar to that shown on television. Crime on television is largely urban. So urban heavy viewers are subject to a double dose and cultivation theorists argue that violent content resonates more for them. The strongest effects of heavy viewing on attitudes to violence are likely to be amongst those in the high crime areas of cities (Gerbner. 1993).62 2.3 Social Learning Theory The principle understanding of social learning theory is tied the social context of learning. Bandura has emphasized the fact that people who observe responses of individuals tend to exhibit the same when placed in similar settings. According to Bandura, behaviours and responses that are repeated, perceived as real, distinct, functional and salient are more likely to be attended to, thus more likely to be learned. When observing an event, which receives some kind of reward like social approval, pleasant experience and when the observer feels confident to perform, its symbolic imitation is facilitated. The social cognitive principle has been widely employed to explain in television effects on a variety of social issues such as aggression, ethnic stereotypes, alcohol, attitudes and behaviour. It also stresses the importance of viewers cognitive activities when consuming television messages (Bandura. 1977). 63 Any person socialization process is influenced by innumerable factors such as family, school, environment factors etc. Direct experience and participation are important parameters which shape the youths impressions of the perceived structure of their environment. Mass media, particularly television plays a crucial role in bringing the outside world into homes. As an important institution, mass media enters the socialization process of an individual. The Social Learning Theory explains how environment influences the behaviour of an individual. DeFleur and Sandra (1989) stated despite general in nature, social learning theory is particularly relevant to study the impact of mass communication because the description and portrayal of social life is a frequent subject in media contents. The most common (and pervasive) examples of social learning situations are television commercials. Commercials suggest that drinking a certain beverage or using a particular shampoo will make us popular and win the admiration of attractive people. Depending upon the component processes involved (such as attention or motivation), users may model the behaviour shown in the commercial and buy the product being advertised. Actions of characters in the audio-visual media can serve as a model for others to imitate. Modelling Theory is also useful for describing the application of general Social Learning Theory which explain how new behaviours are acquired b y people from media portrayals. An individual observes a character, identifies him/her as a model and remembers actions of model and performs them when confronted with similar circumstances (DeFleur and Sandra. 1989).64 In light of all these theories stated above, it is important to mention that the researcher has formulated a combination of the three theories in order to assess what is the main reason of their watching, their preferred channels and programmes (Uses and Gratification Theory). While on the other hand, it has also measured what kind of effects are taking place in the lives of the sample under study? If there are some affects that are changing attitudes of youth under the study. Are these effects long-lasting or short term (Cultivation Analysis and Social Learning Theory). Hence, the researcher intended to explore all this for which the base of above mentioned theories was most suitable and required. Based on the Social Learning, Cultivation and Uses and Gratification theories, the present study hypothesized that characters and their behaviour in programmes of television channels serve as a model for heavy viewers. They may acquire certain characteristics which in turn influence their attitudes. It was also assumed that the youth (aged18-25 years) are vulnerable to influences and tend to be inclined towards change. Youth would serve as a barometer to assess the influence of television. Hence, youth of age 18-25 were selected for the study to determine the degree to which their attitudes were influenced by television. Now, with the availability of the foreign channels, an important question arises: does a youths behaviour reflect what his/her has watched on the television screen? The impact of foreign television programmes on youth involves a number of indispensible factors such as interest in the programmes, viewing pattern, reasons for watching, attitude towards programmes and models of social reality that these programmes promote. The study aimed at finding out whether and to what extent television affect youth in Rohtak and Jhajjar districts. The researcher aimed at finding answers to questions such as what youth think about these programmes in terms of their preferences and relevance. Is there any restriction on youth for watching television channels? Whether they experience an impact of these programmes on their attitudes or not? End Notes Kennedy Shannon. 1997. Television and Society, Journal of Asia Pacific Communications, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 199-204. Gary A. Steiner, The People Look at Television: A Study of Audience Attitudes. New York Alfred. A Knopf 1963. pp. 4-5. George Cromstock, The Impact of Television on American Institutions, Journal of communication, vol. 55, Oct. (1978), pp. 18-28. Robert Hargreaves, Television and current affairs: In politics and the media, (ed) M.J. Clark Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd. (1979), pp. 9-10. Gilbert A. Churchill, T.V. and Interpersonal Influences on Adolescents Consumer Learning, Journal of Consumer Research Vol. 6, No. 1, June (1979), pp. 23-35. Jha R.C. and B.P.Sinha, Programmes and Audience of Delhi T.V. Analysis, Vidura, Vol. 16, No. 5 Oct. (1979). Comstock George, Television in America, London Sage Publication (1980), pp. 30-36. Jackson Beech et.al, The social world of Heavy: Television viewers, Journal of Broadcasting, Vol. 24, No. 1 winter (1980), pp. 5-11. Harvey W. Eastman and Marsha B. Liss, T.V. Preferences of Children from four parts of the U.S.A. Journalism Quarterly Vol. 57, No. 3, Autumn (1980), pp. 488-491 Hansra, B.S. and Chauhan, H.K. 1980, Television and the Youth Elite, Indian Journal of Social Research, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 42-47.) Robert Churchill, Childrens and parents viewing and perceptions of violence: Journalism Quarterly Vol. 58, No. 4, Winter (1981), pp. 562 and 581. Thomas D.Cook, Deborah. A. Kendzieraki and Stephen V. Thomas, The impact assumptions of Television Research: An analysis of the 1982 NIMH Report on T.V. and Behaviour, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 47, No. 1 spring (1983), pp. 189-201. Lesley Johnsono, The Uses of the Media: An Interpretation of the significance of the mass media in the lives of young people, Discourse Vol. 4, No. 2, April (1984), pp. 25-31. Charles Atkin et. al. (1984). Teenage Drinking: Does Advertising make a difference? Journal of communication Vol. 34, No. 2, spring, pp. 160-167. 15. Sirgy M. Joseph, Lee Dong-Jin, Kosenko Rustan , and Meadow H. Lee. (1998). Does T.V Viwership play a role in the Perception of Quality of Life? Journal of Advertising, Vol. 27 Issue 1. Pp. 125-142. 16. Das R.P. 1987. Consumer Behaviour in TV-A Case Study in Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra University Research Journal, Vol. 41, pp. 16-21. 17. Shah, Anupama and kaushal, Anjana. 1988. Impact of Television on Students, Journal of Indian Education, Vol. 13. No.5, pp. 24-29. 18. Sharda, P.V. 1989. Impact of Television on Rural Areas, Communicator, Vol. 25, No. 4 p. 2. 19. Mohansundaram, V. and Dass, Benny. 1990. Television Impact on the Family, Social Welfare, Vol. 37, No.7, pp. 11-13. 21.Mehrotra, N.1991. Impact of Television Viewing on Household Activities, Indian Journal of Extension Education, Vol. 2, No. 3-4, pp. 123-124. 22.Gangadharappa, M. 1991. Impact of Afternoon TV on Housewives in Dharwad City, Communicator, Vol. 26, No.3, Sept. Pp. 32-33. 23.Cosby, C.D. 1992. The Influence of Television Imagery on Selected African-American Young Adults Self-Perceptions, Dissertation Abstracts International, Vol. 53, No.6, Dec., P. 1875A. 24. Singh, Saraswati and Arora, S. 1992. Effect of Television Viewing upon Youths of Doon Valley, Indian Psychological Review, Vol. 38, No, 9-10, Sept.-Dec. Pp. 21-26. 25.Bhasha, S.S. 1992. Impact of Television Violence on Teenagers, Experiments in Education, Vol. 20, No. 11, pp. 289-297. 26.Chauhan, Kanwar. 1992. Social Structure and the Objectivity of Television News in S.R.Mehta (ed), Communication in Social Development, New Delhi: Rawat Publication. 27.Aggarwal, V.B. 1993. Impact of Cable TV on Social Life, Communicator, Vol. 28, No. 3, July-Sept., pp. 7-9. 28.Murthy, J.S. 1994. Students preference for DD and ZTV Programmes, Communicator, Vol. 24, No.4, pp. 10-11. 29.Ninan,S., Through the Magic Window: Television and Change in India New Delhi: Penguine Books, 1995. 30. Chompaisal, Sawangchit. 1995. The perceived Influence of Television on Achievement in Children and Adolescents in Thiland, Dissertation Abstracts International, Vol. 56 No.3, Sept., P. 74 A.) 31.Unikrishnan,N. and Bajpai,S., The Impact of Television Advertising on Children, New Delhi: Sage,1996. 32.Saksena,G., Television in India: Change and Challenges, New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. Pvt. Ltd, 1996, pp. 54-55. 33.Karla,R.K.,and Kalra,A., Impact of Cable Television on Adolescents. Kurukshetra Jan-Feb.1996, pp. 78-80. 34.Midson, J. 1997. Television viewing habits of Children in Virginia, Journal of Asia on Pacific Communication, Vol. 8, No.1, PP. 176-189. 35.Kang Jong G. 1997. Television Influence on Cultural and Societal Values Among Japanese Students, Journal of Asia Pacific Communication, Vol.81,pp. 181-190. 36.Hadique Mala and Ms. Ahmed, Jasmine. 1998. TV Viewing Time Pattern of School Children, Communicator, Jan-March, pp. 14-17. 37.Kaur, Jasbir. 1999. 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John Steinbecks East of Eden - Caleb Trask and the Message of Persever

Caleb Trask and the Message of Perseverance in East of Eden      Ã‚   Caleb Trask was a man with many faults and shortcomings. Yet, Caleb was also a man who had a deep longing to be perfect and pleasing to his family, a man who craved his father's attention, and a man with a better heart than any other character in the book. In his novel, East of Eden, John Steinbeck uses the character of Caleb Trask to convey the important message of hope and perseverance.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When I first read East of Eden, nothing about Cal Trask's personality or his mannerisms made him likable. He was introverted, cold, and hard.   I could not help but sense the story of Cain and Able being played out in a modern day version between him and his twin brother.   Although Cal and his brother Aron were twins, distinct differences existed between the two boys.   Aron was a natural spot of sunshine, illuminating his surroundings wherever he went.   He was a curly topped child who was adamantly attached to his rabbits.   Cal was the opposite of his brother, quiet and serious; he was looking forward to farming a small patch of land that his father was going to give him.   Yet there existed an even greater difference between Cal and his angelic brother.   Cal had a foreboding sense of anger and evil about him that was completely foreign to Aron.   Cal takes pleasure in making his brother cry, and in causing a little girl to urinate in her pants b y frightening her so.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It becomes apparent, though, that Cal struggles with his darkness and wishes passionately to be rid of his meanness.   He doesn't like the way he is, but at the same time he can't change himself, either. From my first introduction of the two brothers, I was taken with Cal.   He wa... ... 1989. JOHN STEINBECK(1902-1968).   San Jose State University.   17 Jan. 2001.   . Levant, Howard.   The Novels of John Steinbeck: a Critical Study.   Columbia: U of Missouri Press, 1974. Murray, Robert Davis, ed.   Steinbeck.   Englewood: Prentice-Hall, 1972. National Steinbeck Center.   Salinas, CA.   17 Jan. 2001.   . Steinbeck Country.   San Jose State University.   17 Jan. 2001.   . Trosow, Esther. John Steinbeck's Pacific Grove.   17 Jan. 2001.   . Trosow, Esther.   John Steinbeck's Biography.   17 Jan. 2001.  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Valjean, Nelson.   John Steinbeck: The Errant Knight.   San Francisco:   Chronicle Books, 1975.